Phototypographical machine



Nov. 8, 1960 R. K. WALKER PHOTOTYPOGRAPHICAL MACHINE Filed Oct. 8, 1956 10 Sheets-Sheet l dLf .iz

INVENTOR.

R/cHA/eo K. WAL KER AT RNEYS 10 Sheets-Sheet 2 R. K. WALKER PHOTOTYPOGRAPHICAL MACHINE @Fyw Nov. 8, 1960 Filed oct. 8, 1956 INVENTox. R/cHA/eo K. WALKER ATTORNE YS Nov. 8, 1960 R. K. WALKER 2,959,111

PHOTOTYPOGRAPHICAL MACHINE Filed Oct. 8, 1956 10 Sheets-Sheet 3 -19e INVENTOA RICHARD K WALKER @MLA-41m l0 Sheets-Sheet 4 R. K. WALKER PHOTOTYPOGRAPHICAL MACHINE Nov. 8, 1960 Filed oct. e, 195s INVENToR. R/cHA/m K. WALKER ATTO/Pi' YS Nov. 8, 1960 R. K. WALKER 2,959,111

PHOTOTYPOGRAPHICAL MACHINE 54 (if 5a .9.5 /J

IN VEN TOR. R/CHARD K WAL/ 0? Nov. 8, 1960 R. K. WALKER PHoToTYPoGRAPHIcAL MACHINE 10 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Oct. 8, 1956 IN VEN TOR R/CHARU K. WALKER Nov. 8, 1960 R. K. WALKER PHOTOTYPOGRAPHICAL MACHINE 10 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Oct. 8, 1956 INVENTOR R/CHARD K. WML/(ERl A TTORNEY5 l0 Sheets-Sheet 8 INVENTOR R/C'HARD K. WALKER ATTRNEYS PHOTOTYPOGRAPHICAL MACHINE I I Si I I a I I I I I I I I I l I I n I Q I .Lf-TJ yh. l

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PHOTOTYPOGRAFHICAL MACHINE Filed Oct. 8, 1956 10 Sheets-Sheet 10 23 7 244 INVENToR.

@'51, 72, @Y ix ATTOR EYS United States Patent O PHoTorYPoGRAPHicAL MACHINE Richard K. Walker, Convent, NJ., assignor to Mergenthaler Linotype Company, a corporation of New York Filed Oct. 8, 1956, Ser. No. 614,736

12 Claims. (Cl. 954.5)

This invention relates to a film magazine for a tape operated phototypographical machine such as the one disclosed in copending application Serial No. 419,012 filed March 26, 1954 and assigned to the assignee of the present invention.

As the tape is fed into such machines, transverse type lines are photographed one after another in spaced relation on a strip of film as the latter is advanced endwise through the machine in step-by-step fashion.

In the art of photocomposition, however, it is recog nized that errors appear in the processed film which have to be corrected prior to the making of a printing plate. Methods and apparatus for making such corrections are disclosed in U.S. Patents Nos. 2,794,486 and 2,794,487, both dated June 4, 1957, which patents are also assigned to the assignee of the present invention.

In addition, in U.S. P-atent No. 2,845,012, dated July 29, 1958, also assigned to the assignee of the present invention, there are disclosed methods of and means for treating the film as the type lines are being composed which facilitate making such corrections. According to the teachings of this last mentioned application, mechanism is provided whereby after a line of type has been composed, a pair of punches act to perforate the film at each end of the line and on the longitudinal axis thereof and then advance the film to bring an unexposed portion thereof into position for photographing the next succeeding line. The advance of the lm depends on the point size of the type lines being composed. In consequence, if the matter being composed is what is generally known as mixed, that is to say, of different point sizes, the advance of the film must be controlled accordingly. In the mechanism disclosed in the aforesaid U.S. Patent No. 2,845,012, each time the point size of the type line being composed is to be changed from that of the previously composed line, the mechanism is set manually so that the advance of the film will accord with the point size of the type line to be composed. This means, of course, that the feeding of the control tape through the machine must be arrested each time a change is made .in point size to enable the operator to make the manual change.

In accordance with the present invention, the need of so arresting the feed of the control tape through the machine is eliminated by making the mechanism which controls the advance of the film responsive to a signal on the control tape.

As stated above, in the mechanism disclosed in the above noted U.S. Patent No. 2,845,012, the punches which perforate the tape also serve to advance the film. In practice, however, it has been found that in advancing the film the punches frequently tear or otherwise mutilate it, with the result that the film is not advanced to the desired photographic position preparatory to the composition of a line. Therefore, in accordance with another feature of the present invention, one means is used to advance the film and a separate and distinct means is used to move the punches along therewith, the punches serving simply to arrest the advance of the film.

For a clear understanding of the invention reference may be made to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. l is a vertical section taken through the film magazine, the section being along the line 1-1 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 1A is a vertical section taken through the telescopic connection between the main magazine compartment and the cassette for the takeup reel;

Fig. 2 is a rear open view of the film magazine, showing the contained mechanism except for certain parts carried by the omitted rear wall;

Fig. 3 is a face view of the indicator for the film supply reel;

Fig. 4 is a rear view of the upper and lower feed rolls for advancing the film as well as the apertured front plate and its shu-tter mechanism;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a section taken on the line 6 6 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is a section taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 8 is a rear elevation of the bellows `and its operating mechanism for creating a vacuum in the film holding platen;

Fig. 9 is a plan View of the parts shown in Fig. 8 but with the bellows in horizontal section;

Fig. 10 is a view, partly in section and partly in elevation, showing the cam shaft and certain adjoining parts which it controls;

Fig. 11 is a diagram of theelectric circuits controlled by the cam shaft;

Fig. 12 is an elevation of certain parts operated from the cam shaft and showing a neutral setting device;

Fig. 13 is a plan view, with certain portions shown in section, of the film perforating punches and their operating mechanism;

Fig. 14 is a vertical section taken through the punch shown at the right in Fig. 13 and showing in elevation the operating mechanism therefor;

Fig. 15 is an end elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 13, as viewed from the left;

Fig. 16 is a vertical section taken through the hand knob which is employed to withdraw the punches from their dies in threading the film through the machine;

Fig. 17 is a rear elevation of most of the punch operating parts and showing in particular the manner in which the punches are withdrawn by the hand knob;

Fig. 18 is a perspective showing the driving connections for the film feed rolls;

Fig. 19 is a View, partly in elevation and partly in section, of the driving shaft for one of the feed rolls;

Fig. 20 is a section taken on the line 20-20 of Fig. 19;

Fig. 21 is a vertical section taken on the line 21-21 of Fig. 22;

Fig. 22 is a face view of the vacuum film holding platen;

Fig. 23 is a front elevation of the film shearing knives and their operating mechanism;

Fig. 24 is a vertical section taken on the line 24-24 of Fig. 23;

Fig. 25 is a vertical section taken on the line 25-25 of Fig. 23;

Fig. 26 is a vertical longitudinal section taken through the automatic adjusting gear mechanism for the stop disks by which the advance of the film through the machine is varied according to the point size of the type lines being composed;

Fig. 27 is a section taken on the line 27-27 of Fig. 26;

Fig. 28 is a section taken on the line 28-28 of Fig. 26;

Fig. 29 is a face view of the hand dial for fractional adjustments of the stop disks;

Fig. 30 is a schematic representation of the point size signal and leading signal control circuits; and

Fig. 31 is a schematic representation of the signal responsive circuits for positioning the point size and leading control elements.

As shown in Fig. 1, a strip of film 1, on which lines of type are to be composed, leads from a supply reel 2 located in the lower portion of a light tight compartment 3 to a takeup reel 4 located in a cassette 5 removably mounted on top of the compartment. Initially the film is trained from the supply reel 2 over a spring biased tensioning roller 6, beneath a positioning roller 7, upwardly between an apertured plate 8 secured to the front wall of the compartment 3 and an oppositely disposed platen 9, past a pair of punches 10 and their die plates 10al positioned adjacent the ends of the plates, thence between a pair of rollers 11 and 12, across a pair of vertically disposed knives 13 and 14, through a pair of horizontal guide plates 15 and then through oppositely disposed apertures formed in the compartment and cassette respectively, next through a second pair of horizontal guide plates 15a, then between a second pair of rollers 16 and 17, and finally to the takeup reel 4 to which the leading end of the film is attached.

The advance of the film from the supply reel to the takeup rcel is effected by means of the two pairs of Vlrollers above mentioned, the first pair (11 and 12) being provided to draw the film upwardly past the aperture in the plate 8, and the second pair (16 and 17) being provided to draw the film from the first pair past the shearing knives 13 and 14 and to advance it to the takeup reel 4. This reel 4, in turn, is driven by means of a pair of grooved rollers 17b positioned at the opposite sides of the film and maintained in frictional engagement with disks 1Gb on the upper roller 16 of the second pair and with annular fianges 4ab on the reel 4. 'The rollers 17b lare mounted on the lower ends of a pair of spring loaded levers 17d.

In order that a fresh supply of film may be easily introduced into the machine, the lower half of back ball 18 and the rear portion of the bottom wall 19 are hingedly secured together and to the compartment 3 (see Fig. l), the arrangement being such that, when a pair of locks (not shown) which normally holds them in place are opened, they may be swung about their hinged connections and so allow ready access to the interior of the compartment. In addition, the top portion 20 of the cassette is hinged so that it may be swung upwardly and thus allow the operator to secure the leading end of the film to the takeup reel 4.

Since both the compartment 3 and the cassette 5 must be light tight during composition, the compartment (see Figs. lA, 2 and 24) is provided with an extension 21 which fits in telescopic fashion within an extension 21a on the cassette, and the oppositely disposed apertures formed in these extensions, and through which the film passes as it travels from one reel to the other, are provided with shutters 22. Normally, these shutters are maintained open by cams 22a, but when the cassette is slid backwardly for removal, the shutters close to render both the compartment and the cassette light tight before the telescopic connection between the two is broken.

In addition, a shutter 23 (see Figs. 1 and 4) is provided to prevent light from passing through the aperture in the front plate 8 of the compartment while the machine is not in use and the power source is turned off. When the power is turned on to start the machine, a circuit is completed through a rotary solenoid 24. `This solenoid carries a gear segment 25 (see Fig. 7) that engages a gear 26 cut on a shaft 27 at one end thereof. This shaft is journaled in brackets 28 mounted on the front wall of the compartment and is provided at its other end with a gear 29 similar to gear 26. These two gears 26 and 29 mesh with racks 30 formed on vertically disposed links 31 at the lower ends thereof. These racks are slidably mounted in gibs secured to the front wall of the compartment 3 and the links attached thereto are fastened at their upper ends to the shutter 23. In consequence, when the solenoid 24 is energized, the gear segment 25 thereof operates to rotate the shaft 27 and thus remove the shutter 23 from in front of the aperture 32 as shown in Fig. 4. When the power is cut off to stop the machine and the circuit through the solenoid is thus opened, the usual spring in the solenoid acts to restore the shutter to its closed position.

Normally, that is to say, when the mechanisms hereinafter described are at rest, the punches 10 are in their raised and in their forward lm perforating position as shown in Fig. 1. When so located, they interfere with the threading of the film from the supply reel to the takeup reel. ln consequence, manually operable means (which subsequently will be described) are provided for retracting the punches out of the path traveled by the film. After the film has been threaded from one reel to the other, the punches 10 are released, whereupon they `return to their forward position and a line of type matter is composed on the film in the manner described in the above noted application Serial No. 419,012.

During the composition of the line, the film is pressed -against the rear face of the apertured plate 8 by means of the platen 9 and is held there flatwise in wrinkle free condition by means of vacuum in order to insure undisto-rted reproduction of the type matter being composed. To these ends, the platen 9 (see Fig. 2) is provided with a pair of studs 33 having reduced portions positioned in slots formed in the vertically disposed arms of a bail member 36 at the upper ends thereof. The bail member at its opposite ends is provided with a pair of arms 37 pivotally mounted on studs 38 carried by the sidewalls of the compartment. One of the arms 37 (see Fig. 1) is extended and is provided with a slot 39 in which is positioned a pin 40 carried by the arm 4t)a of a rotary solenoid 41 secured to the side wall of the compartment. Near the end of a cycle of operations subsequently to be described, the solenoid 41 is energized and acts to swing the bail 36 forwardly, against the action of a spring 42, and press the platen 9 and the film 1 against the rear face of the apertured plate 8. To cushion this effect, a spring 43 is positioned about each of the studs 35 between the platen 9 and the bail member 36.

The platen 9 is provided on its front face (see Figs. 2l and 22) with a plurality of criss-crossed grooves 44 which lead to two fore-and-aft passageways 44a, each of which is connected by means of a hose 45 to a bellows 46 secured to the rear wall 18 of the compartment (see Figs. l, 8 and 9). A spring 50, connected at one end to a bracket 51 secured to the base of the compartment and at its other end to a lever 49 pivotally mounted on a shaft 47, serves to maintain the bellows 46 closed or collapsed against the action of a spring 50a wrapped around the shaft 47. A rotary solenoid 51b is secured to the compartment wall 18 adjacent the bellows and the arm 51C thereof is secured to the lever 49 by a link 51d. After the platen has been advanced to press the film lagainst the rear face of the apertured plate, the solenoid 51b is energized. When energized, the solenoid overcomes the action of the spring 50 and permits the spring 50a to operate the bellows 46 and thus create a vacuum which serves to draw the film 1 fiatwise against the face of the platen 9.

After composition of a line is completed, the decoding of an end-of-line signal on the control tape serves to inaugurate a cycle of operations during which the punches 10 are retracted, lowered to a predetermined position with respect to the composed line, and then moved forwardly to perforate the film 1 at each end of the line. After -the film has been so perforated,it and the punches are raised simultaneously to bring a fresh portion of the film into photographic position as well as to restore the punches to their initial or raised position. Also during this cycle of operations, the vacuum is broken and the platen 9 is retracted, afterthe film, has been perforated,

so that the film may be advanced. Then after the film has been advanced, the platen is moved forwardly and the vacuum reestablished to lagain hold the film atwise against the rear face of the apertured plate 8 in readiness for the composition of another line.

This cycle of operations is effected by means of a cam shaft 52 (see Figs. 10 and ll) journaled at its ends in the sides of a housing 53 positioned adjacent the compartment 3 and driven by a motor 54 through the medium of a slip clutch 55. When the end-of-line signal is received or decoded, a circuit is momentarily completed through a solenoid l56. When thus energized, the solenoid pulls a pivotally mounted spring-loaded stop lever 56 from in front of an abutment formed on a cam 56b mounted on the shaft 52 and then closes a switch 56C. When this switch is closed, -a circuit is completed through the motor 54 and the shaft 52 is rotated.

The punches and their die plates 10a (see Figs. 13 and 14) are mounted on fore-and-aft leg portions 57 of a U-shaped member 58, the leg portions having lugs 59 positioned in vertical grooves 60 formed in the front wall of the compartment 3. Each punch, at its inner end, is provided with a compression spring 61 positioned between two collars 61a and 61h, one of which is fixed to the punch rod and the other of which is slidably mounted thereon. A hammer 62, carried by a lever 63 at the lower end thereof, is positioned Vadjacent the inner end of each punch, (Figs. 14 and 17). Each lever 63 is pivotally mounted intermediate its ends on a shaft 64 common to two rotary solenoids 65 secured to brackets 66 fastened to the rear face of the U-shaped member 58. In addition, each lever 63 is provided at its upper end with a pin 67 to which one end of a spring 68 is connected. At its other end, the spring is secured to a pin 69 on the bracket 66. Each pin 67 (Fig. 17) extends through the lever 63 and projects above a lever 70 fast to the shaft 64. The springs 68 tend to rotate the levers 63 in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 14 and, in so doing, maintain the hammers 62 pressing against the punches 10, with the result that the punches are normally held in their forward o-r die penetrating position. As the cam shaft 52 starts to rotate at the beginning of a cycle of operation, a cam 95 thereon closes a switch 96 and thus completes a circuit through the two solenoids 65. When the two solenoids are thus energized, the shaft 64 and the levers 70 mounted thereon are rotated counterclockwise (see Fig. 14). As the levers 70 are thus rotated, they engage the pins 67 and rotate the levers 63 against the action of the springs 68 to withdraw the hammers 62 and permit the springs 61 mounted on the punches 19 to force them backwardly to their retracted position out of the dies and clear of the film 1,

After the punches are thus forced to their retracted position, they are lowered to their film perforating position. Accordingly, the U-shaped member 58 is provided at each end with a shelf 73 (see Fig. l5), which shelves rest on pins 74 extending through the end of two levers 75 fixed to a rock shaft 76. Each lever 75 is yieldingly connected to the U-shaped member 5S by means of a spring 77, one end of each spring being secured to the pin 74 ca-rried by the lever 75, and the other end thereof being in sliding engagement with a pin 78 carried by the U-shaped member. The shaft 76 is also provided with a depending lever 79 which is attached to one end thereof and which is located outside the side wall of the compartment 3 (see Fig. 2). At its lower end, the depending lever is provided with a pin 92 positioned between a pair of studs 93 and 108 (see Fig. 26) carried by a pair of disks 94 and 109, respectively, mounted on a shaft 110 journaled in the side walls of a housing 12S also located outside of the compartment 3. Intermediate its ends, the lever 79 is provided with a vertically disposed pin 80 which carries a roller 81 that is engaged by a U- shaped member 82 (see Figs. l0 and 12) which projects laterally from another lever 83 fast to a shaft 84 mounted in axial alignment with the rock shaft 76. Above its lower end, the lever 83 is provided with a pin 87 positioned in front of an adjustable stud 87a carried by a lever 85 rotatably mounted on the shaft 84. A clock spring 86 positioned about the shaft 84 between the two levers 83 :and 85, tends to maintain the pin 87 on the lever 83 in driving engagement with the stud 87a on the lever 85. The lever 85, in turn, is provided with a pin 88 having a roller 89 positioned for contact with a cam on the cam shaft 52. A torsion spring 91, connected at one end to the side wall of the housing 53 and at its other end to the lever 85, tends to maintain the roller 89 in engagement with the cam 90. The cam 90 is so shaped that, at the beginning of a cycle of operations, the pin 92 on the lower end of the depending arm 79 engages a stud 93 on the disk 94. As the cam shaft 52 continues to rotate after the punches have been withdrawn from the perforations in the film, the cam 90 rocks the lever 85 about the shaft 84 and the lever 85, in turn, rotates the lever 83, which thus swings the depending arm 79 until the pin 92 engages `a stud 108 carried by the disk 109. As the depending arm 79 is thus swung, the shaft 76 is rotated and operates the two levers 75 to lower the U-shaped member 58 which carries the punches 10. The extent of this downward movement is dependent on the degree of rotation of the lower end of the depending lever 79, which in turn is dependent on the length of the stud 10S it engages. In this connection, it is pointed out that the disk 109 is provided with a series of studs 108 which are of different lengths. For example, the length of one stud is such that, when it arrests the movement of the depending arm 79, the punches are located in position to perforate the film 1 at the opposite ends of a ten point line. The length of another stud is such that, when it arrests the travel of the depending arm 79, the punches are located in position to perforate the film 1 at the ends of a twelve point line. In other words, the studs are dimensioned according to the point size of the type line to be composed. Prior to the beginning of composition of one or more lines of some selected point size, the disk 109 is rotated in response to a signal on the tape (in the manne-r subsequently to be described) to bring the desired stud 108 opposite the pin 92 on the lower end of the depending arm 79. The cam 90 on the shaft 52 has a range of action sufficient to impart a full throw to the depending arm 79 for the largest point size which the machine can accommodate; hence the need for the spring connections between the cam and the arm for the smaller point sizes.

After the punches 10 have been thus lowered, the cam 95 on the rotating cam 52 shaft (which up to now serves to maintain the two solenoids 65 energized), allows the switch 96 to open and thus break the circuits through the two solenoids. When the solenoids 65 are thus deenergized, the springs 68 rotate the levers 63 about the shaft 64 and cause the hammers 62 to strike the punches 10 and drive them forwardly to perforate the film 1 at each end of the composed line.

After the lm has been so perforated, the` vacuum is broken and the platen 9 returned t0 its inoperative position. In consequence, the cams 112 and 111 on the cam shaft 52 are so timed or shaped that, as the shaft continues to rotate after the film has been perforated, the circuit through the solenoid 51b (which operates the bellows 46) is broken and then the circuit through the solenoid 41 (which swings the bail 36 forwardly to press the platen 9 against the film 1) is broken, permitting the springs 42 to swing the platen back to its inoperative posltion.

Thereafter, the film is advanced upwardly `and the punches are raised while still positioned in the perforations. As stated heretofore, the advance of the film is effected by means of two sets of rollers, the rollers 11 and 12 of one set being mounted on shafts 11a and 12a, respectively, journaled in the side walls of the compartment and the rollers 16 and 17 of the other set being mounted onshafts 16a and 17a, respectively, journaled in the side walls of the cassette 5. The shaft 16a, which carries the upper roller 16 of the set in the cassette 5, extends beyond one of the side walls of the cassette and is provided with a gear 97 (Fig. 1) that meshes with and is driven by a gear 98 (see Fig. 18) carried by a power driven stub shaft 99 journaled in a side wall of the com partment 3, this arrangement being provided so that the driven roller 16 in the cassette may be readily uncoupled from and recoupled to its source of power when the cassette is removed and replaced. The stub shaft 99 and the shaft 12a which carries the lower roller 12 of the set in the compartment are provided with pulleys 101 and 102, respectively (see Fig. 18). A belt 102a is trained over each pulley, then over a sheeve guide pulley 103, and next over a double sheeve pulley 104 mounted on a shaft 105 journaled in the side walls of the compartment (Fig. 19). The shaft 105 is also provided with a gear 106 meshing with a gear segment 107 on the rock shaft 76, to which latter are secured the levers 75 that carry the supporting pins 74 on which the punch carrying U-shaped member 58 rests (see also Fig. l).

As the cam 90 on the cam shaft 52 continues to rotate during a cycle of operation, the depending lever 79 of the rock shaft 76 (through the medium of the heretofore described connections) is swung in a direction to cause the pin 92 thereon to engage a stud 93 on the disk 94. As the depending lever 79 is thus swung, the shaft 76 is rotated in the opposite direction and, through the two levers 75, move upwardly the U-shaped member 58 and the punches 10 carried thereby. The rotation of the shaft 76 is imparted to the sheeve 104 which, consequently, drives the two rollers 11 and 12 simultaneously to advance the film 1. Inasmuch as the punches 10 are still located in the perforations in the film as both the punches and film are moved upwardly, it is evident that when the punches come to rest at their uppermost position (as determined by the travel of the lower end of the depending arm 79) further movement of the film 1 is prevented. In order that the punches 10 in the perforations will not tear or otherwise mutilate the film `as it is thus moved upwardly, the speed of rotation of the roller 12 is ad justed so that the punches play no part in advancing the film. In addition, the roller 11, which cooperates with the film advancing roller 12, is spring pressed to allow slippage, if need be, when the film 1 comes to rest at its new position. As stated above, the advance of the film is determined by the distance of travel of the pin 92 on the depending arm 79 from a stud 108 on disk 109 to the oppositely disposed stud 93 on the second disk 94. Normally, this distance is such that the film is advanced to give the normal leading for the point size of the characters being composed.

Like the disk 108, the disk 94 is also provided with a series of studs 93 of different lengths, these studs being of the same number as and positioned opposite the studs 108 on the disk 109'. In addition, the disks 94 and 109 are coupled together so that, as the disk 109 is rotated prio-r to the beginning of composition of one or more lines of one point size to bring the necessary stud 108 thereon in position to locate the punches in operative position to perforate the film at the end of a line of that point size, an oppositely disposed stud 93 on disk 94- is simultaneously brought into position to limit the advance of the film after line composition. For example, the distance between companion studs on the two disks, when a 10 point line -is being composed, is such that the film Ywill be advanced to give the normal leading for a line of that point size; and the same is true of the two studs in position when a 12 point line is being composed.

So that the two disks may be rotated to bring a selected pair of studs into operative position, the disk 94 is provided with a sleeve portion 123I rotatably mounted on shaft 110 (Fig. 26). The other disk 109 is provided with a sleeveV portion 126 mounted on the first sleeve portion 123 but keyed thereto so that the two may be rotated in unison about the shaft 110, the arrangement being such that the sleeve portion 123 associated with disk 94 may be displaced longitudinally with respect to the sleeve portion 126 associated with the disk 109. At its outer end, the second sleeve portion 126 is provided with a gear 127 that meshes with an intermediate gear 128 mounted on a shaft 129 in one of the side walls of the housing (Fig. 28). This intermediate gear 128 meshes with another gear 130 mounted on shaft 131 of a reversible motor 132. The shaft 131 also carries a commutator 132, In response to the decoding of a special signal punched in the tape prior to the composition of a line or a series of lines of a given point size, a circuit is completed which causes the motor 132 to rotate in one direction or the other to bring about rotation of the disks 94 and 109 in one direction or the other until a selected pair of studs 93 and 108 are located in operative position with respect to the pin 92 on the depending lever 79. Since directional circuits of this type are well known, a detailed description thereof is not deemed necessary other than to say that decoding of the signal results in the completion of a selected circuit through a relay tree 132b which then positions a stepping switch 132 (see Fig. 30). kWhen so positioned, the stepping switch completes a circuit through the commutator which controls the direction of rotation of the motor and the degree of rotation. To prevent over-running of the disks as they are thus rotated, a suitable detent mechanism (not shown) may be provided. However, before the disks are so rotated, the depending arm 79 must be positioned so that the pin 92 carried thereby is out of the path traveled by the studs 93 and 108 as the disks are rotated. This is also accomplished in response to the decoding of a special signal which is punched in the tape prior to the composition of a line or a series of lines of a point size which differs from the point size of the previously cornposed line or series of lines.

As stated heretofore, at the beginning of a cycle of operations, the pin 92 on the lower end of the depending arm 79 is resting against a stud 93 on the disk 94. When the arm 79 is in this position, the cam actuated lever 83, which swings the arm, is -in one of its two extreme positions. Normally, a roller 121 (see Fig. 12), carried by a pivotally mounted bell crank lever 119, is held out of engagement with the lever 83- (when it Iis in this extreme position) by means of a solenoid 117. When a change of point size signal on the tape is decoded, the circuit through the solenoid 117 is broken and a spring 120 acts to rock the bell crank lever 119 about its pivotal axis 121a and thus force the lever 83 back to 4its midway position; a dash pot 122 being provided to cushion this effect. As the lever 83 is thus forced back, the depending arm 79 is also rocked to carry the pin 92 midway between the oppositely disposed studs 94, 108.

Inasmuch as the depending arm 79 serves the dual purpose of raising the punches 10 and of rotating the rollers to advance the film as it swings in one direction, the driv ing connections between it and the rollers 11 and 16 are such that, as it swings in the other direction to lower the punches 10, the driving rollers remain stationary and the film remains in its advanced position. To this end, and as clearly shown in Figs. 19 and 20, the gear 106` is provided with a sleeve 106a which serves as a bearing for the sheeve 104 and which has a one-way driving connection therewith. The sleeve 106ad is attened on opposite sides and two rollers 106b are positioned in the spaces 106c thus provided. These roller 106n are pressed in one direction by a pair of springs 1061, only one of which is shown. When the depending arm 79 swings in one direction to raise the punches 10 and to advance the film, the spring pressed rollers 106b establish a driving connection between the sleeve 106a and the sheeve 104. However, when the depending arm 79 swings in the op- 'posite direction to lower the punches 10, the springs 106d yield and break the driving connections between the sleeve 106a and the sheeve .104, allowing the rollers 11 and 16 to remain stationary with the film held in its advanced position.

After the punches have been elevated and the film so advanced, the cam 112 on the cam shaft 52 closes a switch 112a to complete a circuit through the solenoid 41 which causes the platen 9 to move forwardly to press the film against the rear face of the aperture plate 81, and then the cam 111 on the cam shaft 52 closes a switch 111EL to complete a circuit through the solenoid 51b which operates the bellows 46 and so creates the vacuum for rendering the film 1 wrinkle free and in condition for receiving the next composed line. After the film has been so conditioned, the lever 56a, which was carried out of engagement with the abutment on cam 56 at the beginning of a cycle of operations, drops and reengages the abutment, breaking the circuit through the motor 54 and arresting further rotation of the shaft 52.

In the operation of photocomposing machines, it is frequently desirable to change the leading or space between successive lines. In consequence, the shaft 110 on which the sleeve member 123 is mounted is provided at vone end thereof with a threaded portion 140 on which a wide gear 141 is threaded. The wide gear 141 is in mesh with a gear 142 (Fig. 27) mounted on a shaft 143 journaled in the side walls of the housing 125. Gear 142 is in mesh with a gear 144 mounted on a shaft 145 also journaled in the side walls of the housing 125. The shaft 145 is also provided with two additional gears 146, 147. Gear 146 meshes with a gear 146a mounted on shaft 148 of a reversible motor 149. Gear 147, which is a worm gear, is in mesh with a wor-m wheel 150 mounted on a shaft 151 at one end thereof. At its other end, shaft 151 is provided with a bevel gear 152 which is in mesh with a bevel gear 153 mounted on shaft 154 of a commutator 155. In response to the decoding of a special signal punched in the tape prior to the composition of a line when additional leading of this line or a series of like lines is desired, a circuit like the circuit shown in Fig. 30 is completed through the reversing motor 149 which causes it to rotate in one direction or the other. When the motor turns, it rotates the gear 141 about the threaded portion 140 of the shaft 110. When the gear is thus turned in one direction, the disk 94 is forced inwardly towards disk 109 against the action of a spring 156 positioned between the two disks. When the gear 141 is turned in the other direction, the spring 156 acts to force the disk 94 away from disk 109. Thus, a desired adjustment of the distance between the active studs on the disks is effected in response to a leading or interline space signal.

The tape controlled settings thus obtained by rotating the gear 141 is in point sizes, the arrangement being such that, for each rotation of the gear 141 in one direction r the other, the distances between the oppositely disposed studs on the disks is either increased or decreased one point. In certain instances, however, leading may be desired that requires settings in fractions of a point size. Hence, the shaft 110 is also provided with a gear 163 (see Fig. 26) that meshes with a second gear 164 journaled on a stud 165 carried by the housing 125. The

v tween the oppositely disposed pairs of studs 93, 108 on the disks to any desired fraction of a point.

In many instances it is desirable to know the amount of unused film left in the supply reel 2. To this end,

y a lever 169 (see Figs. 1, 2 and 3) is fixedly mounted at its ,lower end on a shaft 170 journaled in the side walls of the compartment 3. The shaft is provided Vwith a pointer 171 positioned behind a graduated window`172 located in the side wall of the compartment. Intermediate its ends, the lever 169 is provided with a pin 173 which serves as an anchor for one end of a tension spring 174. At its other end, the spring 174 is secured to a pin 175 carried by a lever 176 at one end thereof. The lever 176 is also mounted intermediate its ends on the shaft 170, and at its other end, it is provided with an operating key 177. The spring 174 is connected to the two levers in off-center fashion and tends to rotate them in opposite directions about the shaft 170 and, in so doing, serves to maintain a roller 178 carried by the upper end of the lever 169 in engagement with the film on the reel 2 and a shoe portion formed on the other lever 176 bearing against the bottom of the compartment. As the film is withdrawn, the shaft 170 is rotated and carries the pointer 171 past the window 172 to give a visible indication of the amount of film left in the roll.

Normally, with this arrangement, the roller 178 would interfere with the insertion of a fresh roll of film into the compartment. However, by pressing the key 177, the lever 176 is rotated counter-clockwise with the result that the spring 174 is thrown off-center in the opposite direction and so snaps the lever 169 in a clockwise direction against a stop member 179. To cushion this effect, the stop member 179 is made a part of a lever 187 mounted on a stud 180 and spring pressed in the direction of the roll by means of a spring 181.

The tensioning roller 6, over which the film passes as it travels from one reel to the other, is mounted on a shaft 182 journaled at its ends in a pair of levers 183 at one end thereof (Fig. l). At their other end, the levers are mounted on a shaft 184 which carries the guide roller 7 and which is journaled at its ends in the side walls of the compartment. The shaft 184 is provided with a spring 186 (see Fig. 2) at each of its ends which tends to rotate the levers 183 and the roller 6 carried thereby in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. l, and so maintain the film under spring tension. Under these conditions, the roller 6 would also interfere with the threading of the film from one reel to the next. To prevent this means are provided for locking the roller 6 out of its operative position. This means comprises the above mentioned spring biased lever 187 pivotally mounted at one end of the shaft 180. At its other end, the lever 187 is provided with a latch having a cam surface. To lock the roller out of position, it is simply pushed down manually. As it moves down, a recessed portion 188 thereof engages the cam surface and so rotates the lever counterclockwise as viewed in Fig. 1 until the recessed portion 188 thereof engages the latch. To release the roller, the lever is pushed down the slight distance necessary to carry the latch from its engagement with the recessed portion thereof.

In many instances it is also desirable to sever the film after a predetermined number of lines has been created thereon and then remove the severed portion for the usual processing operations. Accordingly, when preparing the tape which operates the machine, a film severing signal is produced in the tape after said predetermined number of lines has been coded thereon. As the tape passes through the machine, this signal serves to complete a circuit through a solenoid 189 (see Figs. 4 and 6) after the predetermined number of lines has been photographed on the film. When thus energized, the solenoid 189 rocks a spring loaded lever 190 about a shaft 191 on which it is pivotally mounted. As the lever 190 rotates, the lower end thereof is carried out of engagement with a notched disk 192 and the upper end thereof closes a switch 193. When this switch is closed, it completes a circut through the solenoid 56 which permits the motor 54 to rotate the cam shaft 52 and thus advance the film in the manner heretofore explained. The notched disk 192 is mounted on a shaft 194 journaled in .a vbracket 195 secured to the casing and is located adjacent a gear 196 also mounted on the shaft. The gear 196 is in mesh with a gear 197 mounted on a shaft 198 and gear 197 in turn is in mesh with a gear 199 carried by shaft 12.2L that carries the lm advancing roller 12, with the result that as this roller 12 is rotated by the cam shaft 52 the notched disk 192 is also rotated and in unison therewith. This action continues until the notch in the disk 192 comes in front of the lower end of the `lever 1'90, at which time the spring 190a acts to rock the lever to carry the lower end thereof into engagement with the notch and the upper end thereof out of its switch closing position. When the switch 193 is thus opened, the circuit through solenoid 189 is broken and further rotation of the shaft is arrested by the engagement of lever 56a with the abutment on cam 56b in the manner heretofore explained. During this single rotation of the notched disk 192, the roller 12 will be rotated to advance the film a number of times and through distances depending on the point size and leading of the matter being composed. However, the diameter of the disk is such that, regardless of the point size and leading, the lm is advanced until the last composed line is carried past the pair of cutting knives. The lower knife 14 (see Figs. 23 and 24) is fixedly -secured at its opposite ends to the side walls of the compartment. The upper knife 13 is held by means of springs 202 in sliding engagement with a pair of plates 2.03 secured at its opposite ends to the side walls of the compartment and in shearing relationship with respec-t to the lower knife. A pair of levers 204 project through holes 205 formed in the upper knife 13 at opposite ends thereof. These levers 204 are carried by a shaft 206 journaled at its opposite ends in the wall of the compartment 3. The shaft 206 at one end thereof is provided with a section of a sheave 207. A flexible wire 208 is secured at one end thereof to the isheave 207 and at its other end to a sheave 209 carried by the shaft of a rotary solenoid 210 mounted on a bracket secured to the side frame of the machine (Fig. 25). When the notched disk has been rotated through one turn to advance the film to carry the last composed line thereon past the trimming knife, a switch is closed to complete a circuit through the solenoid 210. When the solenoid is thus energized, the sheave 207 is pulled downwardly and the shaft 206 on which it is mounted is rotated against the action of a spring 211 to force the upper knife 13 downwardly and thus sever the film. To insure that the film 1 is maintained taut between the two sets of rollers and thus make certain that the film is severed at the proper place, the diameter of the sheave 104 which drives the roller 16 to pull the lm past the knives is such that this roller tends to advance the iilm slightly faster than it is advanced by the roller 12. To prevent tearing or distortion of the film under these conditions, its companion roller 17 is spring pressed to allow slippage of the film. After the iilm has been severed, the severed portion is wound on the takeup reel by manually rotating the reel through the medium of a hand wheel secured to the shaft on which the reel I4 is mounted.

As stated heretofore, manually operable means are provided for retracting the punches so that a fresh supply of film may be easily threaded from the supply reel 2 to the takeup -reel 4. As shown in Figs. 14, 16 and 17, this means comprises a lever 212 secured at one end thereof on the shaft 64 which carries the levers 70 that controls the operation of the punches. A spring 213, secured at one end to a pin 218 carried by the lever 212 and at its other end to a pin 219 carried by a bracket 216, serves to maintain the lever 212 in engagement with a transverse rod 214 `and adjacent the end of a coneshaped cam 215 mounted on the rod. The rod 214 is slidably mounted in brackets 66 and 216 and is coupled by means of a light tight connection to an operating knob 217 positioned outside the compartment (Fig. 2). As shown more clearly in Fig. 16, this coupling comprises a shaft 220 slidably mounted in and keyed to a bushing 221 positioned in a side wall of the compartment. The operating knob 217 is secured by means of a screw 222 to the shaft 220` at the outer end thereof and it is provided with a recessed portion slidably mounted on a hub portion 223 of the bushing. At its inner end, the shaft 220 is provided with a vertically disposed portion 224 having a vertical slot 225 through which a recessed portion of the rod 214 extends and a vertically disposed U-shaped recess 226 in which rides a roller 227 carried by the rod, whereby the U-shaped member 58 is free to be moved upwardly and downwardly in carrying the punches 10 to their raised and lowered positions. When the knob 217 is pulled outwardly, the rod 214 is pulled outwardly (through the medium of the connections described above) and causes the cone-shaped cam 215 to engage the lever 212 and rotate the shaft `64 in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 14, against the action of the spring 213. As shaft 64 is thus rotated, the levers 70 fixed thereto engage the pins 67 and rotate the hammer levers 63 against the action of the springs 68 away from the ends of the punches 10, permitting the springs 61 mounted on the punches to force them rearwardly out of the path of the film. To hold the hammers in their retracted position, the knob 217 is provided with a spring pressed ball 228 which engages a detent 229 in the hub portion 223 of the bushing when the rod 214 is pulled outwardly to bring the cone-shaped cam 215 into operative position. After the supply of fresh lm has been threaded through from the supply reel 2 to the takeup reel 4, the rod 214 is pushed back to its initial position and the springs 68 and 213 act to rotate the shaft 64 in a clockwise direction and so restore the punches 10 to their forward film penetrating position.

In operation, when a point size signal in the control tape is decoded by the tape reading mechanism, contacts XPS1 engage and contacts XPS2 separate; the relay coil controlling the operation of the contacts not being shown. Contacts XPS1 complete a circuit, through normally closed contacts SL1 and 230, for point size switch coil PS, with the result that contacts PS1 and PS2 engage. In the present description, it will be noted that letter designations generally are applied to the coils of electromagnetic switches, and the same letter designations with reference numerals appended thereto are applied to contacts of the same switches. KContacts PS1 provide a self-holding circuit for coil PS and contacts PS2 complete a circuit for the energization of stepping switch coil PSS through the stepper interrupter contacts PSS1 and contacts ST1.

Immediately upon energization of coil PSS, contacts PSS1 separate to deenergize the coil and advance brushes 231 one position to engagement with the next pair of contacts 232. Deenergization of coil PSS causes contacts PSSl to again engage, with the result that coil PSS is energized and contacts PSSI separated, the brushes 231 again advancing one position. The stepping process is repeated until brushes 231 complete -a circuit through the relay tree circuit 233 (the particular circuit being determined in a well known manner by the point size signal decoded), one of contacts 232, brushes 231, another one of contacts 232, normally closed contact S77, stopping relay coil ST and contacts PS2. Coil ST is energized and contacts ST3 thereupon separate to interrupt the circuit for stepping switch coil PSS. It is also noted that when, as now assumed, the brushes are connected to thc B+ wire 'through the relay tree circuit 233, stepping switch coil PSS is shorted out through rectifier 234 to prevent further advance of brushes 231.

Contacts ST1 separated and contacts ST2 engaged upon the energization of coil ST, the latter operation taking place prior to the former, so that a self-holding circuit for coil ST is provided prior to the interruption of the circuit through the relay circuit 233.

With the arrest or stopping of the stepping switch operation in a position determined by the particular point size signal, brushes 235, which are also actuated by the stepping switch, complete a circuit through contacts ST4 (engaged when coil ST was energized, a pair of contacts 236 and one of conductors 237a etc.) to segment 240 or segment 241 of commutator 242. If the circuit is completed through segment 241, then relay coil F will be energized (contacts 243 having been previously energized by circuiting not shown). The circuit is traced from segment 241 through conductor .244 to ring 245 and brush 246. Energization of coil E will cause the pin disk driving (or point size changer) motor 132 to rotate in a forward direction. On the other hand, if the circuit is completed through segment 240 then relay coil R will be energized (contacts 247 being closed by circuiting above eluded to). This latter circuit is traced from segment 240 and through pick-up 250 and will cause the motor 132 to rotate in a reverse direction.

As motor 132 rotates to position the pin -disks 94 and 109 in accordance with the point size signal decoded, commutator segments 240 and 241 rotate about the stationary pick-up 250. Also, rotating brush 251 of commutator 252 sweeps over the stationary contacts 253 until a circuit is completed through the contact connected to brushes 235, brush 251, slip ring 254 and brush 255 to energize motor stopping relay MS. When this relay is energized, the motor driving the pin disks is deenergized and the pin disks will be positioned to control the advance of the film in the magazine according to the point size signal decoded.

After the pin disks have been so positioned, contacts 230 separate to deenergize coil PS land separate contacts PS1 and PS2, thus restoring the circuitry to its normal condition. Contacts 230 thereupon engage to prepare the circuitry for a following signal.

If the following signal is a leading signal, contacts XL1 will separate and contacts XL2 will engage, the latter to complete a circuit for leading relay coil L. Energization of coil L results in the engagement of contacts L1 which provide a self-holding circuit for coil L and contacts L2 (not shown). Contacts L2, however, are provided in a circuit similar to that shown in Fig. 3l, but which controls the longitudinal positioning of pin disk 94 in accordiance with the leading signal. It will be observed that a single relay tree 233 is provided for both the point size control mechanism and the leading control mechanism.

The invention has been shown in preferred form and by way of example, and obviously many changes and variations may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention. It should be understood, therefore, that the invention is not limited to any specific form or embodiment except insofar as such limitations are specified in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a phototypographical machine operated under control of a coded tape, the combination of a film capable of being adavnced endwise through the machine in step by step fashion and upon which transverse type lines are photographed one after another in spaced relation, means responsive to a code signal in the tape for effecting such -advance of the film, means distinct from said advancing means for arresting the film in a definite advanced position, said film 4arresting means including film engaging elements movable with the film in its advance and having a definite range of movement and common mechanism for operating the film advancing means and the film engaging arresting means in unison and in proper synchonism with each other, said operating mechanism being adjustable to vary the extent of advance of the film and the range of action of the film engaging arresting means to correspond.

2. The combination -according to claim 1, wherein the common operating mechanism includes an adjustable stop device which varies the extent of advance of the film and the range of action of the film engaging arresting means according to different point sizes of type lines.

3. The combination according to claim 2, wherein the adjustable stop device also varies the extent of advance of the film and the range of action of the film engaging arresting means according to the leading or spacing of type lines of any given point size.

4. The combination according to claim l, wherein the adjustment of the common operating mechanism is controlled by a code signal in the perforated tape.

5. In a phototypographical machine operated under control of a coded tape, the combination of a film capable of being advanced through the machine in step by step fashion and upon which transverse type lines are photographed one after another in spaced relation, means for effecting such advance of the film, said advancing means including a periodically operated member having a variable range of action between a start position and a stop position, and means responsive to a code signal in the tape for varying the extent of advance of the film in accordance with the different point sizes of the type characters being composed, said signal responsive means including an adjustable stop device cooperating with the film advancing means and controlled in its adjustment by the code signal, and said adjustable stop device comprising a pair of rotatable disks with oppositely disposed studs spaced apart different distances to vary the start and stop positions of the periodically operated member and thus vary the range of action of said member.

6. The combination according to claim 5 wherein the two disks are adjustable toward and from each other to vary the `distance between opposed studs for leading or linterline spacing.

7. The combination according to claim 5, including means responsive to a code signal in the tape for setting the periodically operated member in a neutral position before the adjustment of the stop device.

8. The combination according to claim 5, wherein the adjustable stop device is controlled in its adjustment by an electrical power unit responsive to the code signal.

9. The combination according to claim 5, wherein the periodically operated member is actuated by a power driven shaft set into action by an electrical element responsive to a code signal.

10. In a tape operated photo-typographical machine, the combination of means for holding a film in a photographic position where a transverse type line is photographed, a pair of punches normally held in a raised and forward position, means responsive to a code signal in the tape for retracting said punches, lowering them to a film perforating station, driving them forward to perforate said film at the opposite ends of said line and thereafter raising the punches to their initial position, a pair of stop members, one of which limits the downward movement of the punches to locate them in a predetermined position as determined by the point size of the type line, and the other of which limits the upward movement of the punches to that which accords with the normal leading to the point size of the type line, and means responsive to a code signal in the tape for simultaneously adjusting said stop members to accord with type lines of different point sizes.

11. In a tape operated phototypographical machine, the combination of means for holding a film in a photographic position where a transverse type line of a given point size is photographed, a pair of punches normally held in a raised and forward position, means for advancing said film endwise after said type line has been photographed thereon, and mechanism distinct from the film advancing means responsive to a code signal in the tape for retracting said punches, lowering them to a film perforating position, driving them forward to perforate said film at the opposite ends of said line, rendering said film holding means inoperative, raising said punches to their initial position, rendering said film advancing means operative to advance said film as said punches are being raised and while said punches are located in the perforations formed therein, and rendering said film holding means operative to again hold said film in a photographic graphic position where a transverse type line is photographed, a pair of punches normally held in a raised and forward position, and mechanism responsive to a code signal in the tape for retracting said punches, lowering them to a ilm perforating station, driving them `forward to perforate said iii-m at the opposite ends of said line, and thereafter raising the punches to their initial position, together with means also responsive to a code signal in the tape for advancing the lm after it has been perforated by the punches, said advancing means being operative during the raising of the punches to their initial position and before said punches are retracted from the 15 perforatons in the film and acting alone to impart the advancing movement to the lilm, said punches when they reach their initial raised position acting to arrest the lilm in a definite advanced position.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,975,439 Uher Oct. 2, 1934 2,008,994 Sauer July 23, 1935 2,143,769 Fairbanks Jan. 10, 1939 2,227,987 Tuttle Jan. 7, 1941 2,229,689 Westover Ian. 28, 194-1 2,351,399 Caracciolo June 13, 1944 2,388,961 Elliott Nov. 13, 1945 2,574,392. Huebner Nov. 6, 1951 2,725,801 Dehurst Dec. 6, 1955 

